The latter was carved for all to see on stone plinths, 12 to 15 m high, which were located throughout Ashoka's empire (now India, Nepal, Pakistan and Afghanistan).
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Historical certainty about the Yassa is weak compared to the much older Code of Hammurabi (18th century BCE) or the Edicts of Ashoka, (3rd century BCE). Historians are left with secondary sources, conjecture and speculation, which describe much of the content of the overview. The absence of any physical document is historically problematic. Moreover, copies may have been discovered in Korea as well. There are records of excerpts among many chronicles including Makrizi, Vartan, and ibn Batuta. The Yasa decrees were thought to be comprehensive and specific, but no Mongolian scroll or codex has been found. Genghis Khan appointed his second son, Chagatai (later Chagatai Khan), to oversee the laws' execution. It is believed that the Yassa was supervised by Genghis Khan himself and his stepbrother Shikhikhutag, then the high judge (in Mongolian: улсын их заргач) of the Mongol Empire. By keeping the Yassa secret, the decrees could be modified and used selectively. The Yassa seems to have its origin as wartime decrees, which were later codified and expanded to include cultural and lifestyle conventions. Yassa (alternatively: Yasa, Yasaq, Jazag, Zasag, Mongolian: Их засаг, Ikh Zasag) is/was the oral law code of the Mongols declared in public in Bukhara by Genghis Khan de facto law of the Mongol Empire even though the "law" was kept secret and never made public.
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